diff --git a/packages/effect-fc/src/Form.ts b/packages/effect-fc/src/Form.ts
index 70af85e..127a54b 100644
--- a/packages/effect-fc/src/Form.ts
+++ b/packages/effect-fc/src/Form.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
-import { Array, Effect, Option, ParseResult, Pipeable, Schema, Stream, Subscribable, SubscriptionRef } from "effect"
+import { Array, Effect, Either, Equivalence, flow, Option, ParseResult, Pipeable, Schema, Stream, Subscribable, SubscriptionRef } from "effect"
+import type { NoSuchElementException } from "effect/Cause"
 import * as React from "react"
+import { Hooks } from "./hooks/index.js"
 import { PropertyPath, Subscribable as SubscribableInternal, SubscriptionSubRef } from "./types/index.js"
 
 
@@ -9,45 +11,134 @@ export type TypeId = typeof TypeId
 export interface Form<in out A, in out I = A, out R = never>
 extends Pipeable.Pipeable {
     readonly schema: Schema.Schema<A, I, R>
-    readonly valueRef: SubscriptionRef.SubscriptionRef<A>
-    readonly errorSubscribable: Subscribable.Subscribable<Option.Option<ParseResult.ParseError>>
+    readonly latestValueSubscribable: Subscribable.Subscribable<NoInfer<A>>
 
-    useRef<P extends PropertyPath.Paths<A>>(path: P): SubscriptionRef.SubscriptionRef<PropertyPath.ValueFromPath<A, P>>
-    useIssuesSubscribable(path: PropertyPath.Paths<A>): Subscribable.Subscribable<readonly ParseResult.ArrayFormatterIssue[]>
+    readonly fieldLatestValueSubscribable: <P extends PropertyPath.Paths<NoInfer<A>>>(
+        path: P
+    ) => Effect.Effect<Subscribable.Subscribable<PropertyPath.ValueFromPath<NoInfer<A>, P>, NoSuchElementException>>
+    readonly fieldIssuesSubscribable: (
+        path: PropertyPath.Paths<NoInfer<A>>
+    ) => Effect.Effect<Subscribable.Subscribable<readonly ParseResult.ArrayFormatterIssue[]>>
+
+    useInput<P extends PropertyPath.Paths<NoInfer<I>>>(
+        path: P
+    ): Effect.Effect<
+        Form.useInput.Result<PropertyPath.ValueFromPath<NoInfer<I>, P>>,
+        ParseResult.ParseError | NoSuchElementException,
+        R
+    >
 }
 
+export namespace Form {
+    export namespace useInput {
+        export interface Result<I> {
+            readonly value: I
+            readonly setValue: React.Dispatch<React.SetStateAction<I>>
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+
 class FormImpl<in out A, in out I, out R>
 extends Pipeable.Class() implements Form<A, I, R> {
     readonly [TypeId]: TypeId = TypeId
+    readonly latestValueSubscribable: Subscribable.Subscribable<NoInfer<A>>
 
     constructor(
         readonly schema: Schema.Schema<A, I, R>,
-        readonly valueRef: SubscriptionRef.SubscriptionRef<A>,
-        readonly errorSubscribable: Subscribable.Subscribable<Option.Option<ParseResult.ParseError>>
+        readonly latestValueRef: SubscriptionRef.SubscriptionRef<NoInfer<A>>,
+        readonly errorRef: SubscriptionRef.SubscriptionRef<Option.Option<ParseResult.ParseError>>,
+
+        readonly fieldLatestValueSubscribable: <P extends PropertyPath.Paths<NoInfer<A>>>(
+            path: P
+        ) => Effect.Effect<Subscribable.Subscribable<PropertyPath.ValueFromPath<NoInfer<A>, P>, NoSuchElementException>>,
+        readonly fieldIssuesSubscribable: (
+            path: PropertyPath.Paths<NoInfer<A>>
+        ) => Effect.Effect<Subscribable.Subscribable<readonly ParseResult.ArrayFormatterIssue[]>>,
     ) {
         super()
+        this.latestValueSubscribable = latestValueRef
     }
 
-    useRef<P extends PropertyPath.Paths<A>>(path: P) {
-        return React.useMemo(() => SubscriptionSubRef.makeFromPath(this.valueRef, path), [this.valueRef, ...path])
-    }
+    useInput<P extends PropertyPath.Paths<I>>(path: P) {
+        const self = this
+        return Effect.gen(function*() {
+            const issuesSubscribable = yield* self.fieldIssuesSubscribable(path)
+            const internalValueRef = yield* Hooks.useMemo(() => self.latestValueRef.pipe(
+                Effect.andThen(Schema.encode(self.schema)),
+                Effect.andThen(PropertyPath.get(path)),
+                Effect.andThen(SubscriptionRef.make<PropertyPath.ValueFromPath<I, P>>),
+            ), [self.latestValueRef, ...path])
 
-    useIssuesSubscribable(path: PropertyPath.Paths<A>) {
-        return React.useMemo(() => {
-            const filter = Option.match({
-                onSome: (v: ParseResult.ParseError) => Effect.andThen(
-                    ParseResult.ArrayFormatter.formatError(v),
-                    Array.filter(issue => PropertyPath.equivalence(issue.path, path)),
+            const [value, setValue] = yield* Hooks.useRefState(internalValueRef)
+            const [issues] = yield* Hooks.useSubscribe(issuesSubscribable)
+
+            yield* Hooks.useFork(() => Stream.runForEach(
+                internalValueRef.changes.pipe(
+                    Stream.changesWith(Equivalence.strict()),
+                    // options.debounce ? Stream.debounce(options.debounce) : identity,
+                    Stream.drop(1),
                 ),
-                onNone: () => Effect.succeed([]),
-            })
+                internalValue => self.latestValueRef.pipe(
+                    Effect.andThen(Schema.encode(self.schema)),
+                    Effect.andThen(PropertyPath.immutableSet(path, internalValue)),
+                    Effect.andThen(flow(
+                        Schema.decode(self.schema),
+                        Effect.andThen(v => SubscriptionRef.set(self.latestValueRef, v)),
+                        Effect.andThen(SubscriptionRef.set(self.errorRef, Option.none())),
+                        Effect.catchTag("ParseError", e => SubscriptionRef.set(self.errorRef, Option.some(e)))
+                    )),
+                ),
+            ), [internalValueRef, self.latestValueRef, self.schema, self.errorRef, ...path])
 
-            const errorSubscribable = this.errorSubscribable
-            return SubscribableInternal.make({
-                get: Effect.andThen(errorSubscribable.get, filter),
-                get changes() { return Stream.flatMap(errorSubscribable.changes, filter) },
-            })
-        }, [this.errorSubscribable, ...path])
+            return { value, setValue, issues }
+        })
+    }
+}
+
+
+export const make = <A, I = A, R = never>(
+    options: make.Options<A, I, R>
+): Effect.Effect<Form<A, I, R>> => Effect.gen(function*() {
+    const latestValueRef = yield* SubscriptionRef.make(options.initialValue)
+    const errorRef = yield* SubscriptionRef.make(Option.none<ParseResult.ParseError>())
+
+    return new FormImpl(
+        options.schema,
+        latestValueRef,
+        errorRef,
+
+        yield* Effect.cachedFunction(
+            (path: PropertyPath.PropertyPath) => Effect.succeed(SubscribableInternal.make({
+                get: Effect.flatMap(latestValueRef.get, PropertyPath.get(path as PropertyPath.Paths<A>)),
+                get changes() { return Stream.flatMap(latestValueRef.changes, PropertyPath.get(path as PropertyPath.Paths<A>)) },
+            })),
+            PropertyPath.equivalence,
+        ),
+        yield* Effect.cachedFunction(
+            (path: PropertyPath.PropertyPath) => Effect.gen(function*() {
+                const filter = Option.match({
+                    onSome: (v: ParseResult.ParseError) => Effect.andThen(
+                        ParseResult.ArrayFormatter.formatError(v),
+                        Array.filter(issue => PropertyPath.equivalence(issue.path, path)),
+                    ),
+                    onNone: () => Effect.succeed([]),
+                })
+
+                return SubscribableInternal.make({
+                    get: Effect.flatMap(errorRef.get, filter),
+                    get changes() { return Stream.flatMap(errorRef.changes, filter) },
+                })
+            }),
+            PropertyPath.equivalence,
+        ),
+    )
+})
+
+export namespace make {
+    export interface Options<in out A, in out I = A, out R = never> {
+        readonly schema: Schema.Schema<A, I, R>
+        readonly initialValue: NoInfer<A>
     }
 }
 
@@ -56,4 +147,4 @@ const TestSchema = Schema.Struct({
     name: Schema.String
 })
 declare const form: Form<typeof TestSchema["Type"], typeof TestSchema["Encoded"], typeof TestSchema["Context"]>
-const t = form.useRef(["name"])
+const t = form.useInput(["name"])
diff --git a/packages/effect-fc/src/types/PropertyPath.ts b/packages/effect-fc/src/types/PropertyPath.ts
index 08c00ac..af47a8c 100644
--- a/packages/effect-fc/src/types/PropertyPath.ts
+++ b/packages/effect-fc/src/types/PropertyPath.ts
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ export const get: {
 )
 
 export const immutableSet: {
-    <T, const P extends Paths<T>>(path: P, value: ValueFromPath<T, P>): (self: T) => ValueFromPath<T, P>
+    <T, const P extends Paths<T>>(path: P, value: ValueFromPath<T, P>): (self: T) => Option.Option<T>
     <T, const P extends Paths<T>>(self: T, path: P, value: ValueFromPath<T, P>): Option.Option<T>
 } = Function.dual(3, <T, const P extends Paths<T>>(self: T, path: P, value: ValueFromPath<T, P>): Option.Option<T> => {
     const key = Array.head(path as PropertyPath)